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A CD4-Independent interaction of human immunodeficiency virus-1 gp120 with CXCR4 induces their cointernalization, cell signaling, and T-cell chemotaxis

Misse, D.; Cerutti, M.; Noraz, N.; Jourdan, P.; Favero, J.; Devauchelle, G.; Yssel, H.; Taylor, N.; Veas, F.

Blood

1999-04-15 / vol 93 / pages 2454-2462

Abstract

The gp120 envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) interacts with the CXCR4 chemokine receptor, but it is not known whether gp120 activates CXCR4-mediated signaling cascades in the same manner as its natural ligand, SDF1 alpha. We assessed the effects of wild-type gp120 and a mutant gp120 that interacts with CXCR4 but not CD4 on CD4(-)/CXCR4(+) cells and CD4(+)/CXCR4(+) cells, respectively. Under both experimental conditions, the interaction of CXCR4 and gp120 resulted in their CD4-independent cointernalization. Both molecules were translocated into early endosomes, whereas neither protein could be detected in late endosomes. Binding of gp120 to CXCR4 resulted in a CD4-independent phosphorylation of Pyk2 and an induction of chemotactic activity, demonstrating that this interaction has functional consequences. Interestingly, however, whereas SDF1 alpha activated the ERK/MAP kinase pathway, this cascade was not induced by gp120. Together, these results suggest that the pathology of HIV-1 infection may be modulated by the distinct signal transduction pathway mediated by gp120 upon its interaction with CXCR4. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology.

0006-4971

Tags

messenger-rna; binding; chemokine receptor cxcr4; association; glycoprotein; type-1 gp120; down-modulation; hiv-1 envelope protein; serum-free medium; soluble cd4

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