Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and chromosome segregation must occur in ordered sequence to maintain genome integrity during cell proliferation. Checkpoint mechanisms delay mitosis when DNA is damaged or upon replication stress, but little is known on the coupling of S and M phases in unperturbed conditions. To address this issue, we postponed replication onset in budding yeast so that DNA synthesis is still underway when cells should enter mitosis. This delayed mitotic entry and progression by transient activation of the S phase, G2/M, and spindle assembly checkpoints. Disabling both Mec1/ATR- and Mad2-dependent controls caused lethality in cells with deferred S phase, accompanied by Rad52 foci and chromosome missegregation. Thus, in contrast to acute replication stress that triggers a sustained Mec1/ATR response, multiple pathways cooperate to restrain mitosis transiently when replication forks progress unhindered. We suggest that these surveillance mechanisms arose when both S and M phases were coincidently set into motion by a unique ancestral cyclin-Cdk1 complex.
DNA replication and spindle checkpoints cooperate during S phase to delay mitosis and preserve genome integrity
Magiera, M. M.; Gueydon, E.; Schwob, E.
2014
J Cell Biol
2014-01-20 / vol 204 / pages 165-75
Abstract
10.1083/jcb.201306023
1540-8140 (Electronic) 0021-9525 (Linking)
Tags
*Cell Cycle Checkpoints; *Genomic Instability; *S Phase; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism/physiology; Chromosome Segregation; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/genetics/metabolism/physiology; DNA Damage; DNA Replication/*physiology; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism/physiology; Saccharomycetales; Spindle Apparatus/*physiology